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Home › Air Cylinders

Air Cylinders

How to choose a air cylinder?

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How to choose a air cylinder?

Pneumatic cylinders are most popular force solution to create an environmental automation system. The reasons for this is that they are simple in design, easy to install, economical in price, and durable in performance. During several decades development, the engineers had designed hundreds of pneumatic cylinders, and we use it in almost all of the industry field. So how to choose a air cylinder in so multifarious variety? In this article, we will state how should we do, and follow our guideline, you will find the ones you need.

What's the Pneumatic Cylinder?

A pneumatic cylinder (or air cylinder) is a device that uses compressed air to push a piston in a enclosed chamber to generate force in a linear motion. The motion could be the linear direction movement directly, or be tranfered to rotating power, or vertical movement by the gear structure. Normally, it consists of one or several pistones, cylinder barrel, and one or two rod, and operates on the principle of pressure differentials.

What's the Working Pressure?

Working pressure is the pressure at which a system or device operates effectively and safely. It is the pressure at which a device is designed to operate. For most of the air pump used in the pneumatic system, they normally output 0.1-0.8Mpa air pressure (14Psi-112Psi). And almost all of the pneumatic valves, fittings, PU hose, and cylinders are designed according to this criteria. Some special system ask for max 1.6Mpa working pressure.

Guidelines for Choosing Right Pneumatic Cylinders

We start the guidelines from what you want the cylinder to do! Or what’s kind of action you need the cylinder to complete! That’s will decide the type of the cylinder we will adopt!

1. If You only need the linear operation: to push or pull a object.

Case A: If you need huge force output.

1. Tie-Rod Big Bore Cylinder

Suitable for roomy installation space and heavy duty work.

2. Profile Big Bore Cylinder

Expensive than Tie-rod cylinder, not best choice for heavy duty work.

3. Tandem Pneumatic Cylinder

Suitable for long and narrow space installation. Could supply two times or more force output. Due to how many pcs cylinder combined!

Case B: Normal purpose application

1. ISO Profile Cylinder

ISO standard cylinder, a little expensive than Tie-rod cylinder.

2. Normal Tie-rod Cylinder

Cost saving model, and suitable for heavy duty work. Famous model.

3. Normal purpose guide cylinder

Used in the special situation, to avoid the piston rotation. And help to afford the Non-axial load.

4.Rod Lock Cylinder

Help to fix the piston at any location.

Case C: Application in the limited space

1.Compact Pneumatic Cylinder

Install in width space but not the long and narrow interspace.

2. Mini Cylinder

Installed in the long and narrow interspace.

3. Micro Cylinder

With very small bodily form, and very short stroke.

4. Compact Guided Cylinder

Used in small installation space, to avoid the piston rotation. And help to afford the Non-axial load.

Add Your Heading Text Here

Normally for move a set of equipment.

Case D: If you need super long stroke cylinder

Rodless Cylinder and Actuator

Could be very long stroke! Even could be more than 2 meters.

2. If You need the rotating motion cylinder

Case A: Heavy duty rotary cylinder

Suitalbe for heavy duty work, such as open the gate valve.

Case B: Normal purpose rotary cylinder

Normal purpose rotary cylinder, suitble light load and small installation space.

Case C: Vane type pneumatic motor

1. Normal pneumatic motor

Smart desgin, suitable for very light loading.

2. Heavy duty vane cylinder

For heavy duty work, such as open gate valve.

Case D: Rotary clamp cylinder

1. Rotary Finger Cylinder

Combined the clamp and rotary function. For smart and light loading.

Rotary Compress Cylinder

When the cylinder rod draw back, it will rotate, and used to fix the parts.

3. If You need tp clamp or grip the object.

Case A: Heavy duty clamp cylinder

For the heavy duty clamp work.

Case B: Normal purpose finger cylinder

1. Two Fingers Clamp Cylinder

To catch the small and light object.

Case C: Low profile clamp cylinder

Could install custermized clamp parts for special load.

Case D: Multiple finger cylinder

Three fingers, and four fingers cylinder. Mainly for the smart and light load!

Other factors to select and sizing pneumatic cylinder?

Cylinder Speed

The speed of the cylinder refers to how fast of the process of extending the piston rod to the length required for the work, or retracting process speed. Factors that affect speed, such as port sizes, inlet and exhaust flow through control valves, and hose or tubing sizes should also be considered.

For most applications, the cylinder speed may influence the working efficiency. But that doesn’t mean sooner is better. As the galloping piston may short the replacement time of the pneumatic cylinder. Thus inversely add the maintenance time.

Air Consumption:

If in a system, there are big bore cylinders and with long stroke, we should payment attention to the air consumption factors. As when we actuate the big bore pneumatic cylinder, the huge air consumption may lead to the pressure drop of the whole system. Thus result in the failure of other pneumatic components!

The Force Output

The units of measurement.

The most important is the relationship of the pressure, piston surface area, and the output force.

A commonly used unit of pressure:

1Mpa=1N/mm²;

1Bar=0.1Nmm²;

1Kpa=0.001N/mm²;

1Psi=0.00689N/mm²

Cylinder force F = A × P

In which: F = force, in Newtons (N).

A = piston area in square centimeters (mm²).
P = differential pressure in MPa(1N/mm²)

For Instance : How to calculate the force of a 32mm bore size cylinder when the pressure is 1Mpa ?

A=兀r²=3.14*16²(The radius :r=Bore size/2=16)(兀≈3.14)

P=1Mpa=1N/mm²

F=3.14*16²*1=803.84N

The force chart for the standard bore size versus air pressure.

Mounting Type

Pneumatic cylinders offer various mounting styles to accommodate different applications and configurations. Choosing the right mounting style is crucial for proper sizing and ensuring the cylinder integrates seamlessly within your system.

Common mounting method of the tie-rod and profile cylinders.

Stroke Length

The stroke length is the distance the piston can travel inside the cylinder. If the cylinder needs to move a load a certain distance, then the stroke length needs to be at least that distance.

But for the nromal cylinders, the stroke will not exceed 400mm. The reason is too long piston rod will stress the piston seal and the guide ring aeembled in front cap. Thus definitely shorten the service life obviously.

So please consider if there is a chance to adopt the rodless cylinder. The max stroke length could be more than 3 meters!

Safety Consideration

Neglecting to include an appropriate safety margin can lead to premature cylinder failures or unsatisfactory performance. And please design a safety device to deal with the emergency. A good desgin should in contian such device.

Consulting with experts:

Once there are any doubts that you can’t confirm, please contac with us. The support team have the knowledge and experience to assist you in selecting the right cylinder size and avoiding common mistakes.

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